用于空间站火灾防护的隔绝式氧烛呼吸自救器研制

Study of oxygen candle’s self-contained breathing rescuer against space station fire

摘要: 文章介绍某新型隔绝式氧烛呼吸自救器的研制。其呼吸保护装置主要由防护头罩、氯酸钠氧烛和CO₂吸附3个单元组成，利用氧烛产生的O₂通过文丘里管推动头罩内的空气循环，采用LiOH吸附剂吸附循环气体中的CO₂。该装置进行了适用性试验，人体感觉良好。文章对该装置用于空间站火灾逃生自救的可行性进行了分析，认为其适用于空间站火灾逃生。

Abstract: A breathing self-rescuer is designed for fire escape in manned spacecraft. Its new self-contained breathing protecting device is composed of hood, sodium chlorate oxygen candle and CO₂ absorbing part. The Venturi tube drives the air cycling with the oxygen produced by the oxygen candle, and the Lithium hydroxide absorbs CO₂. The device went through human tests and was found comfortable. The possible use of the self-rescuer against space station fire is discussed. It is concluded that the oxygen candle's self-contained rescuer can be used for the fire escape in manned spacecraft.