Abstract: The effects of space environments on cells have a very important bearing for people in exploration of astrospace and are also closely related with life’s secret. Its studies can be benefited by the advanced space cell culture and the intelligent cell sensor technology. In this paper, the major breakthroughs and the results of cell biology based on space and on the ground are reviewed, among which the researches in our country are highlighted. The development trends of space cell biology in the future are discussed. In the end, a schematic view of instrument design for space cell biology is presented.