Abstract: Quality assessment is an important part in the spacecraft development, and it should be done by the professional personnel. For the quality assessment test, this paper proposes the necessary functions and the design principle of the test equipment. And, by means of data collection and statistical analysis, the test types and characteristics, the selection of subjects, and the assessment criteria are determined. Besides, based on the philosophy of the orthogonal design and the uniform design, the test matrix in each stage is proposed. The feasibility and the guiding significance of the proposed scheme are verified by comparison with the assessment results for the second phase of China's manned space project.