Abstract: The space environmental applicability of spacecraft materials concerns the capability of materials to survive space environments. It is an essential condition of spacecraft reliability under space environments. To ensure the space environment applicability of materials is an important part in the initial stage of spacecraft development. Space environmental simulation testing is one of the main approaches to evaluate the space environmental applicability. Various space environmental effects and the related test standards are discussed; and then the evaluation and validation of space environmental applicability of spacecraft materials are presented. In the end, some suggestions are made for future studies in this area.