Abstract: The temperature measurement is one of the important tasks in the thermal balance and thermal vacuum test. The digital temperature measurement is a new technique, which can be used to diversified needs in thermal vacuum tests. The multi-computer communication is one of the key technologies of the temperature measurement system in the spacecraft thermal test. In this paper, a digital spacecraft temperature measurement system is established with various multi-computer communication modes. The related communication principles and protocols are discussed, with the host computer management software being used to achieve the serial communications and the management of the temperature data.