Abstract: A thermo-electrical coupling simulation model is established for calculations of thermoelectricity on solar panels of a lunar rover. There are two configurations of solar panels, one is for the orientation of the rover related to the Sun and the other is for power supply. Through numerical simulation the temperature and power output of the solar panel are calculated during the lunar daytime. The results with or without insulating materials covered on backside of the solar panel and with its orientation pointing to the Sun or not are analyzed. It is shown that the effects of the insulating materials on backside of the solar panel on the temperature and power output are not significant when the solar panel is not oriented to the Sun. But temperature distributions with time are greatly affected when the solar panel points to the Sun. Under that condition, temperature rises, because of insulating materials on backside, but the temperature difference between front side and backside of the solar panel decreases.