Abstract: Using only the maximum acceleration amplitude during satellite transportation as a damping indicator cannot fully reflect the loading conditions of satellites. The peak equivalence principle was utilized to convert a transportation vibration signal to an equivalent sinusoidal vibration signal. Then, the converted sinusoidal vibration signal was compared with the response results of the satellite acceptance-level sinusoidal vibration test to obtain specific requirements for the damping indicator during satellite transportation. The results show that the sinusoidal equivalent analysis method has a clear physical meaning and may be able to effectively characterize the mechanical environment experienced by satellites during transportation. Thus, the proposed study may provide a basis for the design of satellite structures and packaging box dampers. When designing boxes for packaging satellites, the method described in this article can also be applied to calculate the resultant force and moment at the satellite docking interface, to ensure that they do not exceed the magnitude of those in the satellite acceptance-level sinusoidal vibration test.