基于通道注意特征融合的轴承故障诊断方法

A bearing fault diagnosis method based on channel attention feature fusion

  • 摘要: 针对传统故障诊断方法通常依赖单域信息输入,导致信号中的部分信息丢失或信息不完整使用的问题,提出了一种基于通道注意特征融合的轴承故障诊断方法。首先,将原始信号通过快速傅里叶变换(FFT)和连续小波变换(CWT)处理得到频域和时频图。然后,将来自不同域的2个样本输入双流Ghost Module(GM)神经网络故障诊断模型中提取频域和时频域特征,并结合通道注意力机制有效融合频域和时频域的重要特征,从而获得更丰富的故障诊断信息,实现对故障信号的准确分类。最后,利用美国凯斯西储大学、中国江南大学和加拿大渥太华大学的轴承故障数据集进行实验验证。结果表明,与现行主流模型相比,基于通道注意特征融合的轴承故障诊断方法在3个数据集上的分类故障诊断准确率分别达到99.78%、98.50%和97.65%,证明该方法具有良好的诊断效果。

     

    Abstract: In view of the fact that traditional fault diagnosis methods usually rely on single-domain information input, resulting in partial information loss in the signal or the incomplete use of the information, a bearing fault diagnosis method based on channel attention feature fusion was proposed. First, the original signal was processed by fast Fourier transform (FFT) and continuous wavelet transform (CWT) to obtain frequency domain and time-frequency plots. Then, two samples from different domains were input into the dual-stream Ghost Module (GM) neural network fault diagnosis model to extract the features of frequency domain and time-frequency domain. The important features of frequency domain and time-frequency domain were effectively fused by combining the channel attention mechanism, so as to obtain richer fault diagnosis information and realize accurate classification of fault signals. Finally, the experimental verification were carried out using bearing fault data sets developed by Case Western Reserve University (USA), Jiangnan University (China), and University of Ottawa (Canada). The results show that, compared with the existing popular models, the bearing fault diagnosis method based on channel attention feature fusion achieves classification fault diagnosis accuracies of 99.78%, 98.50% and 97.65% on the three data sets, respectively. It is proved that the proposed method presents good diagnosis effect.

     

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