Abstract: In view of the large eccentricity error and inability to obtain effective magnetic moment by the conventional near-field method for magnetic measurement of spacecraft with large scale and large magnetic moment, a multi-layer arrangement of sensors in typical areas above and below the geometric equatorial plane of spacecraft was used to obtain the cylindrical static magnetic field data. The vertical standard magnetic dipole, double magnetic dipole, and combined multipole magnetic moment distribution models for spacecraft were established on a scale of 10꞉1, and the simulation testing based on the standard models was conducted by the above multi-layer sensor arrangement method. The results show that, in the anisotropic dipole and the combined multipole models, when the sensor's position height approached the vertical magnetic equatorial region of the model, the obtained results were closer to the preset standard magnetic moment value. The vertical magnetic distribution characteristics of the whole spacecraft were highly similar to the anisotropic multipole model II, which further proved that the results measured in the magnetic equator region more truly represent the vertical magnetic moment value of the spacecraft. This method helps effectively to improve the vertical magnetic moment test accuracy and margin control range of large spacecraft with large magnetic moment.