Abstract: Space environment and their effects may cause performance degradation and even failure of the spacecraft materials and devices in orbit, which pose an important challenge for the reliable operation of spacecraft in orbit. The space commercialization and the rapid development of space technology put forward new demands on the research of space environments and effects. By analyzing the policies, plans, research results and development trends of various countries in the field of space environments and effects, this article firstly analyzes the demands for the long-term development of the study of space environments and effects in China, then summarizes the key points in the field of space environmental research closely following the international cutting-edge technology, and finally put forward the strategies and sugestions for China’s future development of space environmental engineering.