Abstract: The exploration and the utilization of the water resources in the lunar polar region has always been a research hotspot in the field of lunar exploration. To meet the needs of the system-level vacuum and low temperature test for drilling and condensation devices, a lunar polar water ice drilling simulation test system is developed. According to the three-phase transformation relationship of the water, a two-stage test process is designed, which can keep the water in the solid state in the mixture container throughout the test. The preliminary test results show that the developed test system can meet the needs of the vacuum low temperature test at this stage, and provide conditions for verifying the performance of the related product, and for optimizing the product working conditions, to promote the development of engineering technology for the water ice acquisition in the lunar polar region.