Abstract: The effective evaluation of the biological load on the detector hardware surface is an important part of the planetary protection in the deep space exploration missions. This paper compares the collection efficiency of two kinds of flocking swabs on different surfaces for different spore-producing bacteriais compared. It is shown that the collection efficiency of the domestic CY-93050T swab is higher than that of the Copan 552C swabs used by the ESA. The collection rates of the two swabs are 45.38%±13.46% and 29.43%±8.2%, respectively. The physical properties of the material surface play an important role on the collection efficiency, and it is shown that the collection efficiency of the two swabs on the smooth surface of the aluminum alloy 5A06 is higher than that on the flame-retardant blended twill. Also, there is a significant difference in the collection efficiency is observed between the two swabs of different spore-producing bacteria. The above results can provide data and technical support in detecting the surface microorganisms for Chinese deep space detector’s hardware.