Abstract: This paper analyzes the characteristics of the armament environmental adaptability test for the ground-to-air missile weapon. In view of the many problems found in the commissioned armaments, such as the environmental maladjustment, the defects and the inadequacy of the previous environmental adaptability test and reliability validation test, the analyses are made from such aspects as the philosophy, the set proof indices, the number of samples, the limitation for multiple stresses, and the geological environment. We propose to draw up additional military regulations where there is no practical reference in the current tests. The environmental adaptability test has been incorporated into the life-cycle of the armament. For the adequacy of the functional validation tests under various environments, it is proposed to build multi-type typical environmental ranges to carry out the environmental adaptability test, or to build super-large environmental labs for carrying out dynamic tests under the condition of the whole task profiles. In order to take full advantage of the information from multiple resources, some future directions of research focuses are pointed out for strengthening the theoretical studies of the environmental adaptability test.