Abstract: The International Space Station is currently the largest space platform operating in orbit and features large system size, complex configuration, multiple interfaces, and uncertain loads. Therefore, it is very important to verify the effectiveness of its structural and thermal control design, the rationality of its manufacturing process, and the ability of it to withstand the vibration and noise environments. This paper reviews the system-level mechanical tests, the thermal tests, and the component-level environmental tests of various cabins of the International Space Station, to provide reference for the development of China’s manned space station.