Abstract: In view of the requirements of the on-orbit micro-vibration measurement of a certain type of meteorological satellite, the effect of the micro-vibration on the satellite and its high-precision load is analyzed, and a schematic design of the satellite micro-vibration measurement unit with a switchable range and a high fault tolerance is proposed. The comparison between the ground test data and the on-orbit data shows that the system can be used to accurately obtain the micro-vibration mechanical data of the whole satellite and the high-precision load under different working conditions. A large amount of real and reliable data are obtained for the further optimization of the satellite structure and the improvement of the working environment of the high-precision loads. The system can also serve as a reference for the subsequent researches of the micro-vibration technology and the micro-vibration suppression of Chinese satellites.