Abstract: The existence of the water ice on the moon is a hot issue in the lunar exploration for many years. The data acquired from the radar, the neutron detector and the spectrograph through several lunar exploration missions show the possible existence of the water on the moon, especially in the permanent shadow regions in the lunar polar area. The water ice is likely to be distributed in a scattered pattern on the lunar surface within a depth of meters. However, the remote-sensing data acquired so far cannot directly verify the existence of the water on the moon. Thus, more lunar landing and roving missions will be necessary for the direct and definite identification of the water ice. This paper gives an outlook of the in-situ lunar exploration technology with several engineering issues to be faced and resolved.