Abstract: With the gradual development of deep space mission, the Mars is regarded as one of the most important destinations for manned space detection. Unlike the tough vacuum environment in the low Earth orbit (LEO), the Martian atmosphere environment poses a challenge to the thermal protection of the flexible structures for manned detection. Taking the extravehicular spacesuit glove (EVA glove) as a typical subject, the heat leakage of EVA glove under the cold condition of the Martian atmosphere environment is estimated by model analysis, and the thermal protection of EVA glove in simulated Martian atmosphere is studied experimentally. The results show that the thermal protection performance of the EVA glove is significantly degraded in the Martian atmosphere as compared with that in the LEO applications. The heat leakage of the glove exceeds 10 W under the cold condition, and the local thermal protection measures are not sufficient. On this basis, the optimization of the analytical model, the extension of the test method, and the method to improve the performance of the flexible thermal protection structure are suggested.