航天特因环境影响及有关选拔训练项目和模拟方法

The space special environments, the selection & training programs and the environmental simulation method

摘要: 航天员在航天活动中不可避免将遇到特殊而复杂的航天环境因素作用，其对人体会产生特殊影响，常人很难耐受和适应。而在地面模拟航天特殊因素环境并通过试验来选拔和训练航天员，是提高航天员对这些环境的适应和耐受能力的有效方法。文章简要介绍了航天特因环境及其对人体的影响，航天特因环境选拔训练项目以及载人航天环境模拟方法。

Abstract: In their space activities, astronauts will inevitably encounter special and complex space environments with a severe threat to the normal human body. An effective method to improve astronauts' adaptability and tolerance to those environments is by selecting and training astronauts through experiments in simulated space environmental training equipments. This paper briefly introduces the space special environments and their influence on the human body, as well as the selection and training programs under the related environments, and the method of manned space environmental simulations.