Abstract: A space charged particle detection system is developed for detecting the space electron and proton fluence rate spectra, with a telescope-style structure made up of semiconductor detectors, and digital methods are used. It can detect electrons of more than 0.5 MeV and protons between 5 MeV and 300 MeV. The system is characterized by light weight, low power consumption, small size and high reliability. The energy resolution of the system is tested. The results show that the best energy resolution of the TSi semiconductor detectors is up to 0.5%, and that of the Si(Li) semiconductor detectors is about 1.02%:both are within the acceptable range(<5%).