Abstract: The temperature has not exceeded 1400℃ in the spacecraft thermal test in our country. Based on the principles of the commonly used thermocouple, the structure and the manufactural techniques of the wolfram thermocouple are analyzed, and a measurement system is developed. The application results of the wolfram thermocouple in a spacecraft vacuum thermal test show that it can meet the temperature measurement requirement of 1600℃ in the vacuum thermal environment.