Abstract: Due to the combined presence of the UV radiation, the atomic oxygen (AO) radiation, the high-energy particle radiation and other factors, the low Earth orbit (LEO) involves the most complex environment for space vehicles, which poses critical challenges for the in-flight spacecrafts. To realize the goal of long-time safe flight, one must adopt special techniques to protect the materials, especially the organic materials for spacecrafts. In this paper, we analyze the factors in the LEO environment, summarize the research progress of protection coatings for spacecrafts, and put forward some future research directions.