Abstract: In order to acquire the mechanical environment data in launching and on orbit section of a manned spacecraft, an orbital environment measurement system for the spacecraft is designed and tested in the vibration experiment, and the mechanical environmental data of the representative structure of the manned spacecraft is acquired and analyzed in the frequency domain. A comparison is made between the data of the measurement system and the data of the manned spacecraft in the vibration experiment. The result verifies the availability of the system. The research provides a reference for the formulation and revision of the orbit condition of the manned spacecraft.