Abstract: A thermal camera canister is designed to measure the infrared radiation characteristics by using the thermal camera in vacuum and cryogenic environment. This canister, which mainly consists of mechanical structures and an electronic system, can provide an environment with temperature controllable and pressure almost invariable for the camera. The mechanical structures are used for supporting the thermal camera and isolating the camera from the vacuum condition. The electronic system is used for temperature control and pressure monitoring. Finite element method is used to analyze the temperature variation range of the canister. The simulation method is verified by experiment. The pressure variations and the amounts of pre-tightening forces on the gasket ring are predicted. The results demonstrate that the design can provide a suitable environment for the thermal camera under vacuum and cryogenic conditions.