Abstract: This paper reviews the applications of new aluminum alloy materials in the main structure of manned spacecraft. On the basis of relevant experimental studies and comparison analyses, it is shown that the new 5B70 aluminum-magnesium-scandium alloy is the best alternative materials for the main structure of the upgrading manned spacecraft in China because of its excellent comprehensive performance. To meet the development needs of the shuttle manned aircraft today, the problems to be solved and the challenges to come for the traditional aluminum alloy materials for the upgrading manned spacecraft in the future are analyzed.