Abstract: The Land-On-Moon Orbit has obvious transient characteristics. The optimization principle of the thermal control design plan for the laser equipment used on the Land-On-Moon Orbit is discussed through the thermal analysis. The best thermal control design plan is to use the heat capacity of the equipment, unless the laser equipment is required to operate for a long time. An application case is the thermal control design plan for the laser altimeter used on the Chang'e-3, which uses the heat capacity of the equipment. The remote measurement data show that the temperature restriction of the equipment is realized. The thermal control design method is shown to be practical.