Abstract: For the zero failure quality requirement in the assembly and integration of spacecraft, a quality control method is proposed on the basis of the failure factors in terms of the technique, the operation, the equipment and the materials, to use multi-classes and the small quantity theory in the implementation of the statistical process control, and to use the risk control theory to identify and evaluate the risk of working process steps. By using this method, the quality of the spacecraft assembly and integration production is significantly improved.