Abstract: Among the planets of the solar system discovered so far, the similar features between the Mars and the Earth is the most prominent. Therefore, the Mars takes an important place in human’s dreams. The issue about Mars water and life inspires the curiosity of exploring the Mars, and becomes a drive of successive Mars explorations. How did the Mars evolve and what is behind this evolution? What is the relationship between the evolutions of the Mars and the solar system? Can we make the Mars a green planet fit for sustainable human habitation and development? One must unveil these major scientific issues in the course of their Mars explorations. Only after these issues are solved one by one can we go on to think about the future of the Earth and mankind as related with the Mars.