Abstract: This paper discusses the aspects of difficulties and challenges with respect to the design of a thermal control system(TCS) for small spacecraft, with consideration of various development requirements. The advanced equipment and materials for heat collection, transfer and radiation of small satellite TCS are reviewed. as well as new thermal control strategies and projects, both in China and abroad. Due to the limited cabin space and special mission requirements, intelligent, smart thermal control hardware and strategies are desirable for efficient heat transfer devices.